Portal:Beer
The Beer Portal .jpg)
Introduction
Beer is one of the oldest alcoholic drinks in the world, the most widely consumed, and the third most popular drink after water and tea. Beer is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation.
Some of the earliest writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating it, and "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, a recipe for it.
Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV).
Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes, and pub games. (Full article...)
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Hops are the flowers (also called seed cones or strobiles) of the hop plant Humulus lupulus, a member of the Cannabaceae family of flowering plants. They are used primarily as a bittering, flavouring, and stability agent in beer, to which, in addition to bitterness, they impart floral, fruity, or citrus flavours and aromas. Hops are also used for various purposes in other beverages and herbal medicine. The hops plants have separate female and male plants, and only female plants are used for commercial production. The hop plant is a vigorous, climbing, herbaceous perennial, usually trained to grow up strings in a field called a hopfield, hop garden (in the South of England), or hop yard (in the West Country and United States) when grown commercially. Many different varieties of hops are grown by farmers around the world, with different types used for particular styles of beer.
The first documented use of hops in beer is from the 9th century, though Hildegard of Bingen, 300 years later, is often cited as the earliest documented source. Before this period, brewers used a "gruit", composed of a wide variety of bitter herbs and flowers, including dandelion, burdock root, marigold, horehound (the old German name for horehound, Berghopfen, means "mountain hops"), ground ivy, and heather. Early documents include mention of a hop garden in the will of Charlemagne's father, Pepin the Short. (Full article...)Selected brand -
Newcastle Brown Ale is a brown ale, originally brewed in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Launched in 1927 by Colonel Jim Porter after three years of development, the 1960 merger of Newcastle Breweries with Scottish Brewers afforded the beer national distribution and sales peaked in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s. The beer underwent a resurgence in the late 1980s and early 1990s with student unions selling it. By the late 1990s, the beer was the most widely distributed alcoholic product in the UK. By the 2000s, the majority of sales were in the United States, although it still sells 100 million bottles annually in the UK. Brewing moved in 2005 from Newcastle to Dunston, Tyne and Wear, and in 2010 to Tadcaster. In 2017, the Heineken Brewery in Zoeterwoude, the Netherlands, also began production. As of 2019, it is brewed as well by Lagunitas Brewing Company in Petaluma, California, and Chicago, Illinois, for the American market.
Newcastle Brown Ale is perceived in the UK as a working-man's beer, with a long association with heavy industry, the traditional economic staple of the North East of England. In export markets, it is seen as a trendy, premium import and is predominantly drunk by the young. It was one of the first beers to be distributed in a clear glass bottle and is most readily associated with this form of dispense in the UK. (Full article...)Selected biography -
Did you know (auto-generated) -
- ... that Pope Pius IX gave the monks of Saint Vincent Archabbey permission to brew Saint Vincent Beer?
- ... that Ein Samiya, which provides the water for Taybeh, the first beer brewed in Palestine, was depopulated in 2023 after harassment by neighboring Israeli settlers?
- ... that Abeer Odeh was the first woman to serve as Minister of National Economy in Palestine?
- ... that the debate in "Game On" invokes the beer question?
- ... that the patu clubs on the New Zealand threepence were compared to bottles of ginger beer?
- ... that at the 1965 World Pentathlon Championships, Herbert Polzhuber was said to have drunk ten beers and a bottle of cognac before firing his pistol at the ground and passing out?
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General images
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Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing) -
Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer) -
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Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing) -
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Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing) -
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Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer) -
Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing) -
Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing) -
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Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer) -
A yard of ale at Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer) -
A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer) -
Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer) -
Philistine pottery beer jug (from History of beer) -
World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer) -
A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer) -
Pasteur Street Brewing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer) -
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Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer) -
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Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing)
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A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer) -
Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer) -
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Lauter tun (from Brewing) -
Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer) -
Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing) -
A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer) -
A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
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A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer) -
Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing) -
D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer, and the 6th largest brewing company overall. (from Craft beer) -
Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer) -
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A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing) -
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Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer) -
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The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing) -
A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer) -
Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer)
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Yeast ring used by Swedish homebrewers in the 19th century to preserve the yeast between brewing sessions. (from History of beer) -
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Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer)
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Beer topics
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| “ | Water is drunk by the four legged beast; man prefers it with hops, malts, and yeast. | ” |
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WikiProjects
WikiProject Beer is an association of Wikipedians with an interest in beer and beer-related subjects. They have come together to coordinate the development of beer and brewery articles here on Wikipedia. Additionally, other groups have formed other projects that entertain subjects that are directly related to beer, bartending and pubs. Additionally, the mixed drinks project covers topics that include beer cocktails. If any of these subjects pique your interest, please feel free to visit their projects. These groups would love to have you participate!
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